INTRODUCTION TO ETHICS
 Latin word- ethicus
 Greek word- ethikos
 Meaning- character or manner
 Recommending the concepts of right and wrong behaviour
 Science of moral , moral principles and recognized rules and conduct
MEANING OF ETHICS
refer to the assessment of ethical valves, philosophy and principles of human beings conduct and its purpose in daily life to establish acceptable human performance
EVOLUTION OF ETHICS
 From the connection of natural science and human behaviour
 Cybernetic ethics- developed by Norbert- 1947
 Cybernetics is the process at the heart of developing ethical system
 It underline the principle of remaining ethical system for the survival of human species
EVOLUTION OF BUSINESS ETHICS
1960
 John f kennedy established the consumer bill of right in which he outlined four basic consumer rights : right to safety, right to be informed, right to choose, right to heard
1970
Professors start to teach social responsibility1980
 centers of business ethics provided publications , courses, conferences, seminars, ethics committees and social policy committee
1990
 business with international operations set up new ethical issues

SCOPE OF ETHICS
 Deals with moral ideas
 Concerned with highest good and absolute good
 Concerned with moral judgment
 Discuss the nature of human freedom
 Discuss the sense of duty
 Explains about moral goodness
 Relates to the branches of knowledge like sociology, political science, law and legal study, psychology, anthropology, culture study, ecology
ETHICS DEALS
 Avoid exploitation of employees
 Avoid unfair trade practices
 Fair treatment of employees
 Avoid payment of bribe
 Respect consumer rights
 Accept social responsibility
NATURE, CHARECTERSTICS AND OBJECTIVES OF ETHICS
 Deals with the systematic explanation of rightness or wrongness
 Concerned with what must be done rather than what is the case
 Deals with the facts and explain them in their cases
 Concerned with the judgement of valve
 Deals with standard and normsCannot be regarded as a partical science
 It assess the valves
 Deals with human conduct
 Guided by six principles such as honesty, fairness, respect, compassion, integrity and self discipline
 Integrated with corporate and organisation values

TYPES OF ETHICS
1. META ETHICS
 Talks about nature of ethics
 Establish ethical behaviour
 Ex. How can we know what is right and wrong
 How can we know rocks fall on ground
2. NORMATIVE ETHICS
 Study of ethical actions
 Arises when how one should act morally
 It examine the standards of rightness and wrongness of actions
 Eg. Murder is wrong
3. APPILED ETHICS
 Uses philosophical methods to identify the morally correct course of actions in various field of human life
 Ex:
 Abortion
 The death penalty
 censorship
4. DESCRIPTIVE ETHICS
 Also known as comparative ethics
 Research into individual attitudes or group of people
 Ex:
 What is right
 It deals with bio ethics, business ethics, military ethics, political ethics, environmental ethics, publication ethics
ETHICAL DECISION MAKING PROCESS
The ethical decision making process includes
1. Ethical issue intensity
2. Individual factors
3. Organizational factors
4. Opportunity
PURPOSE OF BUSINESS ETHICS
 Improves customer confidence
 It helps in survival of business
 Safeguarding the consumer rights
 Stop business malpractises
 Protecting employees and shareholders
 Develop good relations
 Create good image
 Smooth functioning of business
 Consume movement
 Consumer satisfaction
 Importance to labour
 Healthy competition

About Author / Additional Info:
RAGHU YADAGANTI, PES BANGALORE