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Waste Management System for MumbaiBY: sonu | Category: Others | Post Date: 2008-09-15
Remark Let me reintroduce you to a well known program -Waste Management where Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation has not yet achieved a satisfactory result -. Current State The commercial capital of India, Mumbai, spans over an area of 437.71 sq km. with population nearing 2 crore. Due to its largest and dense population, Mumbai is now grappling with the problems of high volumes of waste and the costs involved in its disposal. Newer technologies and methodologies are coming up to control waste to create a positive impact on the local and global environment. Solid waste generation of the city is the highest among Indian cities with over 6256 tones per day that makes 0.450 kg per capita daily. The wastes are in the form of garbage, debris, removed silt from drains and nallahs, cow dungs and also waste matter removed from common house gullies or inaccessible narrow lanes between old buildings. Steps undertaken and their current Status .. BMC has constructed 9,965 public toilet blocks (77,526 seats). Even assuming that all such blocks are in usable conditions (surveys show that up to 80% of them are not functioning), they still hardly meet 50% of the total demand. This in addition to the fact that they also pose a huge public finance burden, since the BMC is currently responsible for the maintenance of about 50% of the existing stock of public toilets. To tackle this problem BMC undertook Slum Sanitation Program (SSP) based on a demand-driven and participatory approach. SSP is based on an innovative partnership between municipality and communities, based on the understanding that the municipality would provide the initial capital to build community toilet blocks, while the community groups would take full charge of operations and maintenance. Up to date, 330 public toilet blocks built under SSP (5,650 seats) are fully operational. But lack of open space in slums, supply driven programs implemented by other agencies, availability of free of cost toilet blocks and lack of willingness for paying operations and maintenance costs remain a major roadblock towards the success of community driven initiatives. Underlying Reasons of Failure: Even after applications of waste management methodologies the problem does not solve completely because of: 1. Lack of public awareness on disposal of solid waste. 2. Lack of active public participation in community based initiatives on public sanitation. Suggested Framework THE 4 W model: We can observe three key trends with respect to solid waste - Increase in shear volume of waste generated by urban residents; Change in the quality or make-up of waste generated; The disposal method of waste collected, by land-fill, incineration etc. These issues have been amply demonstrated by following ways: Waste disposal: Currently dumping, landfilling and inceration have been the common way of disposing the disposal of such wastes needs to be changed. New approach for waste disposal should include ways: Mandatory disposal of organic waste in biodegradable plastics from residentials, commercial and educational institutes' collection points so that the organic and biodegradable wastes can be disposed off together. Photo-degradation where the plastics are disintegrated under constant Ultra Violet radiation into smaller particles, which in turn get degraded completely by microorganisms under soil. Waste recycling: Recycling is the breaking down of materials from waste streams into raw materials, which are then reprocessed either into the same material (closed loop) or a new product (open loop), generally including waste separation and material reprocessing. New Waste recycling can include: Use of glass cullet can be deployed for construction purposes which has been adopted in Japan. Spreading of sewage sludge and manure to agricultural land. Reuse of grey water for toilet flushing after grey water treatment and disinfected. Use of compost water and driving the human waste water for agricultural purposes. Waste Processing: Waste processing is the range of activities characterized by the treatment and recovery (use) of materials or energy from waste through thermal, chemical, or biological means. It also covers hazardous waste handling. Waste processing can be modified involving: Liquid-paper board for seedlings planters, bottles, scrap paper for notes/phone messages, mulching. Increase in number of durable packaging: example cardboards in place of plastics and paper bags. Voluntary collection of second hand clothes and materials and donating to charities. Waste minimization: Waste minimization is aimed at reducing the production of waste through education and improved production process rather than aiming to increase technology to improve treatment of waste. We can also involve: Use of mulched gardens across municipality. mulch with straw, tea leaves Purchase material in bulk Promote competition regarding waste awareness themes Future prospects: The defining criteria for future waste minimization programmes should include deeper community participation, understanding economic benefits/recovery of waste, focusing on life cycles decentralized administration of waste, minimizing environmental impacts, reconciling investment costs with long-term goals. Article Source: http://www.saching.com About Author / Additional Info: Health related problems due to waste has been a common and a major problem for days. Many waste management systems have come up with various solutions and a commitment to put an end to " Waste Related Problems". Some have been successful but only to a limited extent. The above article is compiled by my partner and me only after investigating the problems at certain Mumbai locations majorly facing waste related problems. Additional Articles: * Need of professional guidance for a child in choosing the right career * Rediscovered Life at 26!! * Importance of taxes: Why should we pay tax to the government * All about Coriander and their health benefits. Green Cilantro leaves * Developing a Positive Attitude Does this article violate or infringe on your copyright ? It is a violation of our terms for authors to submit content which they did not write and claim it as their own. 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