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Diarrhoea and deaths in children : An overview.BY: David Prakash Kumar | Category: Health and Fitness | Post Date: 2009-06-20
Children are the future of any nation. It is imperative to preserve this wealth and to promote their well being. This has to be done by exercising utmost care in order to make them healthy and protect them from deadly diseases. Care of a child has always been the forte of mothers, irrespective of educational, income, and social class differences. Over the last three decades, the annual number of deaths among children less than five years of age has decreased by almost a third. However, this reduction has not been evenly distributed throughout the world. Every year, more than 10 million children die in developing countries before they reach their 5th birthday. In 2000 to 2003, six causes accounted for 73% of the 10.6 million yearly deaths in children younger than age 5 years: pneumonia (19%), diarrhoea (18%), malaria (8%), neonatal pneumonia or sepsis (10%), preterm delivery (10%), and asphyxia at birth (8%).7 in 10 of these deaths are due to acute respiratory infections, diarrhoea, measles, malaria or malnutrition. Often, death is due to a combination of these illnesses In the United States, diarrhoea remains one of the most common illnesses of children, and it is associated with 9% of all hospitalizations of children less than 5 years of age. Most hospitalizations and deaths due to diarrhoea occur in the first year of life. In the United States, despite the many improvements in water treatment, sanitation, education, and medical care, diarrhoea remains one of the most common pediatric illnesses. Each year, children less than 5 years of age experience 20-35 million episodes of diarrhoea, which result in 2-3.5 million doctor visits, greater than 200,000 hospitalizations, and 325-425 deaths. Approximately 65% of the hospitalizations and 85% of the diarrhoeal deaths occur in the first year of life One hundred years ago, diarrhoeal diseases were among the principal causes of death of children in the United States, with seasonal epidemics occurring during summer. Today, this pattern of illness is replicated on a wider scale in many developing countries, where 1.5 billion episodes of diarrhoea and 4 million associated deaths occur among children each year. These statistics translate to an average of 3.3 episodes of diarrhoea per year for a child less than 5 years of age and greater than 10,000 childhood deaths worldwide per day. There are four important facts about diarrhoeal diseases. First, they are responsible for about one in five deaths of children in the world. Indeed, such diseases are the second-biggest killers of children, ahead of malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. Second, most of these 2.5 million deaths each year take place in developing countries, 80% of them in the first 2 years of their life. Third, the vast majority of diarrhoeas are caused by infectious pathogens which reside in faeces and which employ a variety of routes to reach new hosts: the pathogen may reach a new host by getting onto fingers and, thereby, into foods and fluids, or the pathogen may enter foods and fluids, without a human intermediary, for example by flies landing on excreta and carrying the pathogen to foods, or by excreta entering the water supply. Fourth, since many transmissions occur in the home, the incidence of such diseases can be reduced by changes in domestic hygiene. While improvements to infrastructure, such as safe drinking water and effective sanitation facilities, contribute to blocking transmission, they are effective only if they are employed in conjunction with good domestic hygiene practices Article Source: http://www.saching.com About Author / Additional Info: I am a physiotherapist and also a freelance writer. I have been writing for many blogs and websites. Comments are welcome at prakashdavid@rediffmail.com Additional Articles: * The most important multiple health benefits of meditation * Is Irritation the Appetizer? * How to wax your body - Waxing tips to remove hair - Types of waxes * Astronomy For Dummies - Astronomy For Beginners * OSHA Approved General Industry and Construction Safety Courses. Does this article violate or infringe on your copyright ? It is a violation of our terms for authors to submit content which they did not write and claim it as their own. If this article infringes on your copyrights, then use our Contact us form with the detailed proof of infringement along with the offending article's title, URL and writer name. If you do not hear back from us then contact us again in another 10 days. Thank you. Comments on this article: (0 comments so far) * Additional comments are now closed for this article *
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