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All you need to know about blood groups and blood typesBY: David Prakash Kumar | Category: Health and Fitness | Post Date: 2009-10-25
A blood type (also called by some as blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system, and some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. Several of these red blood cell surface antigens, that stem from one allele (or very closely linked genes), collectively form a blood group system. Inheriting blood groups and diseases Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents. A total of 30 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). Since the blood of your parents is inherited from their parents, the blood groups and sometimes the diseases they carry can also be inherited. This is very important for every person to know because each of us should know that the blood group and genes are very important. Hemolysis in the fetus: Many pregnant women carry a fetus with a different blood type from their own, and the mother can form antibodies against fetal RBCs. Sometimes these maternal antibodies are IgG, a small immunoglobulin, which can cross the placenta and cause hemolysis of fetal RBCs, which in turn can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn, an illness of low fetal blood counts which ranges from mild to severe. Depending on the severity, the prognosis may also vary. It is fatal at times when the condition is very severe. The different Blood groups: An inherited feature is on the surface of the red blood cells. A series of related blood types constitute a blood group system such as the Rh or the ABO system. The frequencies of the ABO and Rh blood types vary from population to population. In the US, the most common type is O+ (meaning O in the ABO system and positive in the Rh system) which is present in 37.4% of the population. The frequencies in the US (in descending order) are O+ (37.4%), A+ (35.7%), B+ (8.5%), O- (6.6%), A- (6.3%), AB+ (3.4%), B- (1.5%) and AB- (0.6%). Landsteiner's role in immunology and blood grouping. In 1901 a Viennese pathologist named Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943) published an article entitled "On Agglutination Phenomena of Normal Human Blood," in which he observed that, when blood was transfused from one human to another, the body often clumped the transfused blood cells and rejected the transfusion, sometimes going in shock. In 1909 Landsteiner classified red blood cells into types A, B, AB and O and showed that the body rejects transfusions of a different blood type. After moving to the Rockefeller Institute in New York, Landsteiner received the Nobel Prize in 1930 for his pioneering research in immunology and blood grouping. These are very important in the daily life of all people because the blood group, the Rh factor and the immunology play a major role in causing and also preventing diseases. People may not know it, but the blood groups and types are very important in having a safe and healthy life. REFERENCES: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_type www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2485 Article Source: http://www.saching.com About Author / Additional Info: I am a physiotherapist and also a freelance writer. I have been writing for many blogs and websites and also take up freelance assignments. Comments are welcome at prakashdavid@rediffmail.com Additional Articles: * Manipulation in Love * Criminality Society and Identity - Author: Rakesh Neelakandan * SPORTSMANSHIP AND ETHICS IN CRICKET * Why people have Extramarital affairs. Cheating your husband or wife * Insurance for Pregnancy Costs and Benefits Does this article violate or infringe on your copyright ? It is a violation of our terms for authors to submit content which they did not write and claim it as their own. If this article infringes on your copyrights, then use our Contact us form with the detailed proof of infringement along with the offending article's title, URL and writer name. If you do not hear back from us then contact us again in another 10 days. Thank you. Comments on this article: (0 comments so far) * Additional comments are now closed for this article *
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